Claude Lévi-Strauss was a French anthropologist and ethnologist; he was also one of the central in the structuralist school of thought, where his ideas reached into fields including the humanities and philosophy.
Lévi-Strauss’ ideas about narrative amount to the fact that he believed all stories operated according to certain things called binary oppositions. To put it in simpler terms, Good VS Evil, Black VS White, Rich VS Poor. The importance of these ideas is that essentially a complicated world is reduced to a simple structure. Things are right or wrong, good or bad. There is no in between. This structure has ideological implications, if for example, you want to show that the hero was not wholly correct in what they did, and the villains weren’t always bad.
An example:
DRACULA
Wilderness
Blood
Death
Fangs
Bats
Darkness
VS
SOCITEY
City
No Blood
Life
Human Teeth
Pets
Bright colours
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